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Posted on October 20, 2023

Capitation Payments: Definition, How They Work, and Calculation

what is capitation in medical billing

With FFS medical billing, each procedure must be appropriately coded and often justified, so the health insurance company pays the bill. Some argue that capitation is a more cost-efficient and responsible healthcare model, and there is some evidence to support the claim. The main benefit to patients is the avoidance of unnecessary and often time-consuming procedures that may trigger high out-of-pocket expenses.

Can lead to a perception of limited access to care or services, as providers might limit resources. Potential for overutilization of services, leading to unnecessary treatments or procedures. Prior to enrolling or marketing under the capitated model, each health plan must pass a readiness review. CMS announced today that 456 accountable care organizations (ACOs) will participate in Medicare Shared Savings Plan program in 2023, a decrease from the 483 ACOs that participated last year. But 132 ACOs have signed up to participate in the ACO REACH, an increase from 99 last year.

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This fee is based on the number of patients the provider agrees to serve, regardless of how many patients actually seek services in any given month. Capitation payments are fixed payments to a medical provider from a state or a health plan. These payments are paid monthly for each member enrolled in the health care plan. No matter how many times the member visits the provider during the year, the payment amount doesn’t change. Capitation payments are defined, periodic, per-patient payments (usually monthly) for each individual enrolled in a capitated insurance plan.

If an individual patient utilizes $2,000 worth of healthcare services, the practice would end up losing $1,500 on that patient. On the other hand, if someone uses only $10 worth of healthcare services, the practice would stand to make a profit of $490. Finance is a vast field with numerous concepts and jargon that can sometimes be confusing.

Why Have Doctors Been Hesitant to Sign Capitated Contracts?

In this scenario, the actual payment that the PCP/medical group receives per member per month is $45. Traditionally, providers would get paid a set fee for each medical service they performed, like a doctor’s visit or a surgery. But now, they are moving towards a different system called “capitated care.” In this blog guide we are going to delve into what are capitation payments? Let’s explore how this innovative approach is creating a ripple effect across the healthcare system. If a healthcare service costs more than the fixed payment, the provider may face a loss, which is a concern for smaller practices or solo practitioners. Capitation rates are calculated using local expenses and the average service utilization.

  1. Health care providers often “carve out” services they aren’t experienced at managing.
  2. Providers can predict their revenue and expenses, while payers can budget their expenses with this model.
  3. Essentially, a risk pool refers to the money withheld from a medical provider until the fiscal year comes to an end.

What are Capitation Payments?

Capitation only keeps track of the number of patients enrolled for the service and does not take too much time to collate data. The system is straightforward and there is no need to file complex paperwork or several forms. Regularly review and adjust capitation rates based on the evolving healthcare landscape.

Medicare-Medicaid Plan Performance Data

what is capitation in medical billing

States interested in the new financial alignment opportunities were required to submit a letter of intent by October 1, 2011. When a proposal meets the standards and conditions for the Financial Alignment Initiative, CMS and a state will develop a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to establish the parameters of the demonstration.

In conclusion, capitation in medical billing comes with both advantages and disadvantages. While it provides predictability and encourages preventive care, there are concerns about potential under-provision of services, financial risks for providers, and the need for fair risk adjustment. Striking a balance between cost control and quality patient care remains a challenge in the ongoing evolution of healthcare payment models.

If a patient isn’t what is capitation in medical billing seen, the doctor doesn’t bill for services for that patient. In contrast, capitation payments are provided for every enrolled member, even if that patient never comes in for an exam or treatment. Capitations are fixed monthly payments received by a physician, hospital, or clinic per member enrolled in a health plan. The monthly payment is calculated one year in advance and remains fixed regardless of how often a member accesses services. Capitation is a type of healthcare payment system in which a physician or hospital is paid a fixed amount per patient for a prescribed period by an insurer or physician association.